| Correlations | |||
| Q1. Age | Q46a. Level of democracy: today | ||
| Q1. Age | Pearson Correlation | 1 | .025** |
| Sig. (2-tailed) | .000 | ||
| N | 51143 | 46659 | |
| Q46a. Level of democracy: today | Pearson Correlation | .025** | 1 |
| Sig. (2-tailed) | .000 | ||
| N | 46659 | 46940 | |
| **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). |
| Variables Entered/Removeda | |||
| Model | Variables Entered | Variables Removed | Method |
| 1 | Q1. Ageb | . | Enter |
| a. Dependent Variable: Q46a. Level of democracy: today | |||
| b. All requested variables entered. |
| Model Summary | ||||
| Model | R | R Square | Adjusted R Square | Std. Error of the Estimate |
| 1 | .025a | .001 | .001 | 2.880 |
| a. Predictors: (Constant), Q1. Age |
| ANOVAa | ||||||
| Model | Sum of Squares | df | Mean Square | F | Sig. | |
| 1 | Regression | 233.666 | 1 | 233.666 | 28.169 | .000b |
| Residual | 387022.468 | 46657 | 8.295 | |||
| Total | 387256.134 | 46658 | ||||
| a. Dependent Variable: Q46a. Level of democracy: today | ||||||
| b. Predictors: (Constant), Q1. Age |
| Coefficientsa | ||||||
| Model | Unstandardized Coefficients | Standardized Coefficients | t | Sig. | ||
| B | Std. Error | Beta | ||||
| 1 | (Constant) | 5.337 | .037 | 145.072 | .000 | |
| Q1. Age | .005 | .001 | .025 | 5.307 | .000 | |
| a. Dependent Variable: Q46a. Level of democracy: today |
My independent variable is the age of the respondents. It is measured as an interval variable that stands only to determine the effect on the level of democracy today. My dependent variable is the level of democracy today. It is measured as metric or interval variable to determine whether correlation exists between the two variables in question. My research question is how can we determine whether age of the respondents have an effect on the level of democracy today? The null hypothesis is that the age of the respondents have no effect on the level of democracy today.
The study design is correlational in nature. The goal of correlational research design is to identify projecting relationships between variables by using correlations or other statistical techniques, such as the Pearson correlation or regression bivariate (McGraw Hill Education, n.d.). Looking at the attached table of Pearson correlation, we can see the test of significance with P-value for both the two variables as 0.000. The Pearson correlation is showing a positive correlation of 0.025, showing the strength of the effect in correlational bivariate. Pearson correlation coefficient has a standardized index with a range of value from -1.0 to +1.0, and with 0 identifying no relationship (Laureate Education, 2016b). The closer you travel to 1.0 on either side, the stronger or strength of the relationship becomes (Laureate Education, 2016b). Therefore, the positive value of 0.025 is less close to the +1 or -1 and more closer to 0. The P-value is below the conventional onset of 0.05. Therefore, we can reject the null hypothesis that there is no correlation between respondent age and their level of democracy today.
Bivariate regression shows similar strength of the correlation. The R constants of the modal summary table displays positive correlation of 0.025 strength, which is equal to the Pearson correlation coefficient. The ANOVA bivariate regression shows the overall strength at the statistical significant of 0.000 (Wagner, 2016). Therefore, we can still reject the null hypothesis while accepting the alternate hypothesis for the occurrence of the statistical variance. The unstandardized coefficients of 0.005 shows how for every unit of respondents age, our level of democracy today changes by similar unit. According to the resulted data, it is indeed true that relationship exists between the calculated variables. Therefore, the implication for social change in the African regions demonstrates how the current level of democracy in Africa is influenced by the age of the Africans. In this study of Afrobarometer, respondents’ age, being an independent variable caused a change effect in the impression of the Africa’s level of democracy today.
Reference
Laureate Education (Producer). (2016b). Correlation and bivariate regression [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
McGraw Hill Education.(n.d.). Correlational Research: Surveys. Retrieved from http://www.mhhe.com/socscience/psychology/shaugh/ch04_summary.html
Wagner, W. E. (2016). Using IBM® SPSS® statistics for research methods and social science statistics (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
